Power Distance: Hofstede defined power distance as being the level at which the less powerful organization members expect and accept unequal power distribution. Learn how Hofstede, GLOBE, and other researchers calculated PDI, what it means for work culture and international business, and how it relates to income inequality. The Power Distance Index measures a person's or culture's attitude towards hierarchy and can affect the ability to speak up to authority figures. Such cultures emphasize an unequal distribution of power among the population, and. 2. Power distance is higher in India than in the United States. 347). Power Distance measures the distribution of power between the people in the nation and the businesses’ and culture. Manhattan Distance: This determines the absolute difference among the pair of the coordinates. This study seeks to develop a measure method of national culture based on cultural origins. Researchers can use them without asking for permission. Hofstede (1991) measures power distance by a Power Distance IndexPower Distance Index. ”In addition, the three countries under study diverge on other dimensions, such as individualism (vs. measures power inequality between superiors and subordinates within a social system. 2 – Power distance index (PDI) for 50 countries and 3 regions (Hofstede, 1997: 26) Table 6. The power-distance index (PDI) is a. Note that the VSM 2013 scale scores for power distance correlated at inadequate levels with the power distance scores from Hofstede Insights (2020) and Taras et al. Quantic Smartly MBA: Every detail you should know before taking this Free. The four cultural dimensions are power distance (PDI), individualism (IDV), masculinity (MAS), uncertainty avoidance index (UAI)Quantified by Hofstede as Power Distance Index (PDI), this dimen-sion of culture attempts to measure societal acceptance and expectations of unequal power relations between leaders and followers, bosses and subordinates, parents and children, and teachers and students (Hofstede, 2001: 80–83). The six dimensions are as follows: Power Distance Index: Hofstede’s Power distance Index measures the extent to which inequality and power are tolerated. organizations and institutions (like the family) accept and expect that power is distributed unequally. A high Power Distance Index represents a society where most people accept that inequality is just a part of life and there is no. Developed by Dutch social psychologist Geert Hofstede, the PDI ultimately provides insight. Show transcribed image text. The Power Distance Index is a measure of the level of power and inequality within a society or organization. This measurement can explain or reveal characteristics about relationships between bosses and subordinates around the world. Question topics include the developer's background and the importance of the power distance theory. Hofstede’s scores range from 100 (the highest power distance) to 0 (the lowest). Originally power distance index was proposed by Hofstede in his cultural dimensions theory (Hofstede 1980). The five dimensions of psychological power distance. Psychologist Geert Hofstede theorized the notion of the “power-distance index” (PDI). Japan has a higher power distance score than Australia and is thus more. Arab, African, Asian and Latin countries have a higher score with regards to power distance index while Germanic and Anglo countries possess a lower score. Power Distance Index. Surprisingly, the study shows that followers in high Power Distance cultures often accept the inequality as much as leaders. Today, Hofstede’s methodology and the. The cultural belief that inequalities in power, status, and rank are natural and that these differences should be acknowledged and accentuated. Cultures differ in their level of power distance, and those with high power distance justify inequalities in the society or ingroup, whereas those with low power dis-Power Distance Index (PDI) The degree to which the less powerful members of a society accept and expect that power is distributed unequally. A sample of Hong Kong employees was used to test the hypotheses that power-distance orientation and gender moderate the relationships between justice perceptions and the evaluation of authorities (trust in supervisor) and the organization (contract fulfillment). Denmark. The Uncertainty Avoidance Index measures the tolerance of uncertainty and _____ among members of a society. Cultural differences have a strong influence on the work and study climate in cross-cultural environment. measures power inequality between superiors and subordinates within. For example, the United States has a 40 on the cultural scale of Hofstede's analysis. High power distance means that power is unevenly distributed; low power distance means that power is more evenly distributed [TIP]. 05 per minute for long distance phone calls. The United States can clearly been seen as individualistic (scoring a 91). Devised in the 1970s by Dutch business theorist Geert Hofstede, the power distance index (PDI) measures people’s attitudes toward inequality in a given society. For example, democratic countries typically have low power distance because everyone has an equal share in decisions, while high power distance is best characterized by monarchies and dictatorships where only a few have access to power and others are removed from decision-making. The Power Distance Index measures power inequality: those in a high Power Distance culture are deferential to leadership; in low Power Distance cultures it’s OK to wear your “Question Authority” T-shirt to work. 그는 1967년부터 1973년 동안 세계의 각국(70여국 이상)에 직원을 두고 있는 IBM 직원들을 대상으로 각국의 문화적. China is a superpower in Asia. Question: Research shows that countries that score high on Hofstede's masculinity and powe distance measures are more likely to engage in unethical behavior. 1 points (−3% change) in overall score in 2023. (2012). d. High Power distance. Low power distance index indicates that. The arts, music, dance, and dress On the basis of Hofstede's four dimensions, cultures with high Power Distance Index (PDI) scores tend to. For example, in Germany percentage of power distance is 35% on the other side the percentage in. 3a measures distance between target and acquirer country political variables and their impact on the M&A abandonment likelihood. Power distance is a cultural dimension that measures the extent to which people in different cultures accept and expect power to be distributed unequally. society is differentiated into classes. The 30-year anniversary of Kogut and Singh’s (1988) groundbreaking study that introduced the concept of cultural distance and its accompanying measure provides the opportunity to take stock of what makes for a good construct. This is applicable not only within. Masculinity Index. In. Power distance Index measures the extent to which the less powerful members of organizations and institutions (like the family) accept and expect that power is distributed unequally. c. The Power Distance index measures how people react to inequalities in society. uncertainty avoidance. The authority of the user over a productD. . b. A correlation at. Hofstede’s Power distance Index measures the extent to which the less powerful members of organizations and institutions like the family, companies or any environment accept and expect that power is distributed unequally. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like In low power distance cultures, managers, In high power distance cultures, access to power is regulated. Power Distance index measures the. It's important to understand the perspective of the followers in order to appreciate this dimension, which focuses on inequality and power. The United States scores a compared to the of the German culture. 2) Individualism Versus Collectivism. , 2010, House et al. Very high Germany is somewhat in the middle between. Power Distance Index (PDI) is a term developed by Dutch social psychologist Geert Hofstede. expect formal hierarchies, authoritarian, Asian cultures. PDI has had a substantial influence on international business trainingHofstede’s power-distance index measures how acceptable an unequal spread of power is to a society. Hofstede developed a model that identifies four primary dimensions to assist in differentiating cultures: Power Distance, Individualism, Masculinity, and Uncertainty Avoidance. The five dimensions of psychological power distance. High power distance. Table 6. Measures tolerance of social inequality, that is power inequality between superiors and subordinates within a social system. What is power distance index? Power distance index (credited to G H Hofstede) measures the extent to which the less powerful members of the society accept or expect power to be distributed unequally. First off, power distance is often categorized as either high or low. Having a high index of power distance indicates that a society values hierarchy. “. Masculinity vs Femininity. d. This dimension expresses the degree to which the less powerful members of a society accept and expect that power is distributed unequally: beliefs about the appropriate distribution of power in society. coordinate everyday interactions and special occasions. Note that the VSM 2013 scale scores for power distance correlated at inadequate levels with the power distance scores from Hofstede Insights (2020) and Taras et al. 1. This tendency makes us dependent on the diktats of. Hofstede’s power-distance index measures how acceptable an unequal spread of power is to a society. View full document. Power distance index measures the distribution of power and wealth between individuals in a business, culture, or nation. In high power distance countries, subordinates expect formal hierarchies and embrace relatively authoritarian, paternalistic power relationships. Power Distance Index (PDI) Power distance describes the degree to which members of society expect and accept an uneven distribution of authority, resources, and privileges. PDI is a part of cultural dimensions theory, an attempt to quantify the differences in attitudes between cultures. Those with a higher power distance scores appear to have a more "authoritarian" view of power. measures how people in different societies cope with inequality; in other words, how they relate to more powerful individuals. High PDI cultures the those who hold power are entitled to privileges 4. Power Distance Index. Power Distance Index (PDI) focuses on authority orientation The Power Distance Index measures power inequality between superiors and subordinates within a social system Cultures with high PDI scores tend to be hierarchical and value power and social status High PDI cultures: those who hold power are entitled to privileges Cultures w/ low PDI. c. The Power Distance Index (PDI) measures to what degree a country, organization, or institution accepts the distribution of power and authority; it can be measured through high, moderate, or low. The power distance index (PDI), developed by Dutch social psychologist GEERT HOFSTEDE, is an index that measures the distribution of power and wealth between individuals in a business, culture, or. Chapter 1. According to Hofstede, the power distance, as a cultural dimension, explains the degree to which different societies treat or accept social inequalities. Power Distance measures the distribution of power between the people in the nation and the businesses’ and culture. Hofstede’s Power distance Index above measures “the extent to which the less powerful members of organizations and institutions accept and expect that power is distributed unequally. In the table, we break Hofstede’s scores into high (70–100), medium (40–69), and low (0–39). ECONOMETRI. Power Distance Index (high versus low). In contrast, the Hmong culture tends to have a higher power distance index, emphasizing hierarchical relationships. To measure the degree of power distance in a country, researchers have come up with a scale called, aptly, the Power Distance Index. Preference for assertiveness or cooperation. The quiz will test you on the history of Hofstede's Power Distance. To provide a more precise understanding of the effects of power distance, we have developed a new psychological power distance conceptualization based on five sub-dimensions: 1) Power, 2) conflict with authority figure, 3) hierarchy, 4) prestige, and 5) social distance ( Fig. 5) Long- Versus Short-Term Orientation. collectivism (IDV), masculinity versus femininity (MAS), uncertainty. It refers to the degree to which members of a group or organization accept an uneven distribution of power amongst their members. It represents inequality and a society’s expectations of its leaders. This concept. Power Distance Index (PDI) This dimension expresses the degree to which the less powerful members of a society accept and expect that power is distributed unequally. Femininity measures the role of aggression, achievement, and gender in society. Uncertainty avoidance index: The index measures the extent to which a society feels threatened by uncertain or ambiguous situations. Other questions will test. a low score means they value equality---FOCUSES ON AUTHORITY ORIENTATION. South Korea scores low on this scale (39) while the US scores high (62), implying that the Koreans are a feminist society whereas the Americans are a masculine society. Is one of the attributes of national cultures identified by Geert Hofstede. Power distance has to do with a cultures perception of the fair distribution of power. False Power Distance Index measures the degree of a society’s level of inequality endorsed by the followers as much as by the leaders--Correct The purpose of user research is to gain an understanding of the users, their tasks, the tools and technology they use, and the environment in which they perform their tasks--Wrong People from this cultural group. The three items that compose the power distance index were non-managerial employees’ perception of the frequency of employees being afraid to express disagreement with the managers, subordinates perception of the boss’ decision-making style, and subordinates preference for boss’ decision-making style. Power distance is one of the four cultural dimensions developed by Geert Hofstede, which exists with different indexes in different cultures. 6) Indulgence Versus Restraint. Higher the acceptance and the expectation of power inequality, higher the power-distance. It represents inequality and a society’s expectations of its leaders. In High Power Distance cultures, “inequality isIndividualism is the one side versus its opposite, collectivism, that is the degree to which individuals are integrated into groups. Collectivism. A society with a high Power Distance perpetuates and accepts inequalities amongst people while a low Power Distance dissuades differences in people’s power, wealth and status, and generally strives for. Uncertainty Avoidance Index Measures the tolerance of uncertainty and ambiguity. 307, 1986) Power distance between Australia and Japan: Power distance in Australia: According to Hofstede power distance index, the score of Australia is only 36. Power distance Index measures the extent to which the less powerful members of organizations and institutions (like the family) accept and expect that power is distributed unequally. It suggests that a society’s level of inequality is endorsed by the followers as much as by the leaders. A low index expects a less rigid or authoritarian system, a high index expects clear hierarchy and unchallenged. Followings are the ways through which power distance can effect the society : (1) Power distance index Power distance index Measures the difference between higher level professionals and lower level workers. The Power Distance index measures the degree of social inequality. The countries with the highest and lowest power distance scores are Malaysia (104) and Austria (11). short-term orientation. Individualism 4. can be tolerated by the staff in the lower management level. In high power distance cultures, children are expected to support their parents when they are old. Explore 133 indicators across eight thematic measures of power. Power-Distance index. This represents inequality (more versus less), but defined from below, not from above. A culture that gives great deference to a person of authority is a High Power Distance culture, and a culture that values the equal treatment of everyone is a Low Power Distance culture. ”. It is a measure of the extent to which members of a society accept that power is unequally distributed and accept the unequal power relationships between people. This is applicable not only within corporate structures but also within communities as a whole. They include: Malaysia (PDI of 100), the Philippines (PDI of 94), Russia (PDI of 93), China (PDI. Uncertainty avoidance index: The index measures the extent to which a society feels threatened by uncertain or ambiguous situations. masculinity/Feminity. Ambiguity The aesthetics of a culture are found in. The Lowy Institute Asia Power Index consists of eight measures of power, 30 thematic sub-measures and 131 indicators. restraint. Power Distance Index measures _____. only one true God, requires unconditional acceptance of uniqueness, power, and authority. In line with this, the so–called Power Distance Index measures, as . By contrast, countries such as Bangladesh, India and Saudi Arabia score highly for the power-distance dimension. One example is a company with a very formal organizational structure where you have workers, managers, middle managers, executives, and an executive board. The value of dignity and respect a person gets from society B. Power Distance Index. Disruption two. Individualism Versus Collectivism. Germany has a 35 on the scale compared to Arab. A high PDI represents a large amount of difference between different strata of society and a large amount of stress placed upon the existence of those strata. Power Distance Index (PDI): this measures the degree of vertical, hierarchical power structuring in society. Disruption four. This dimension refers to the unequal distribution of power, and the measures the acceptance of this power distance faced by weak members of the society. Cultures with low PDI scores value equality and reflect egalitarian. It shows that people with high power in the society will get more respect. The Power Distance Index of the United States is relatively low, indicating a society with a relatively equal. Individuals from cultures high on power distance display pride more readily after an achievement, such as winning a medal in the Olympics d. decisionmaking duties has a low power distance index. False Power Distance Index measures the degree of a society’s level of inequality endorsed by the followers as much as by the leaders--Correct The purpose of user research is to gain an understanding of the users, their tasks, the tools and technology they use, and the environment in which they perform their tasks--Wrong People from this cultural group. The following are types of power distance index: Vertical PDI. Interpersonal relationships are strongly affected by _____ such as family, religion, schools, the media, government, and corporations. societies. Masculinity index It is a range of expectations and acquiescence on the unequal distribution of power, which is expressed by the members of the organization or the basic social structures, with less influence. The UAI describes to what extent nations avoid the unknown. It enable to compare the three different society presented. The Power Distance Index measures power inequality between superiors and subordinates within a social system; represents the extent of hierarchy in a society 2. The power distance index focuses on the power and inequality level ofaculture;toelaborate onthematter,thismeasure looks at the order of hierarchy and equality within a certain culture. According to “Clearly Cultural” Hofstede’s Power Distance Index measures the extent to which the less powerful members of organization accept and expect that power is distributed unequally. A low score on the power distance index, on the other hand, is. 그는 1967년부터 1973년 동안 세계의 각국(70여국 이상)에 직원을 두고 있는 IBM 직원들을 대상으로 각국의 문화적. The Uncertainty Avoidance Index (UAI), one of the six dimensions of culture identified by Geert Hofstede, focuses on assertiveness and achievement. Societies with a high power distance exhibit the existence of more. This paper focuses on measuring Hofstede’s power distance index for different countries, particularly in Kazakh culture. High power distance index indicates that a culture accepts inequity and power differences, and it encourages bureaucracy. The power-distance index measures the degree to which the members of a group or society accept the hierarchy of power and authority. A fifth dimension, long term orientation and a sixth dimension, indulgence. measures the tolerance of uncertainty and ambiguity among members of a society. This represents inequality (more versus less), but defined from below, not from above. restraint. Masculinity versus its opposite, femininity refers to the distribution of roles between the genders which is another fundamental issue for any society to which a range of solutions are found. 4 – Masculinity index (MAS) for 50 countries and 3 regions (Hofstede, 1997: 84) He also developed the power distance index to determine if a country has high, low, or moderate power distance. This is. This represents inequality (more versus less), but defined from below, not from above. Measures the tolerance of uncertainty and ambiguity. Originally power distance index was proposed by Hofstede in his cultural dimensions theory (Hofstede, 1980). A distance-to-frontier approach is used to compare a country’s results with the best performing and worst performing countries in each data set. Hofstede (1984) defines power distance as “the degree to which the less powerful members of a society accept and expect that power is distributed unequally”. How tolerant people are of ambiguity. In line with this, the so–called Power Distance Index measures, as Hofstede insists, (in)equality. An online intercultural training game that tests your intercultural knowledge and increases your cultural competence for living and working in a global environment. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What are the factors that affect obedience, What are the factors that affect obedience in letters, What did giligan say men act upon and more. In countries with a large power distance culture, each individual has their rightful place within the social hierarchy (Mooij & Hofstede, 2010). Through independent research over the coming decades, Hofstede revised his theories to include two additional dimensions of cultural values: long-term vs. PDI is a part of cultural dimensions theory, an attempt to quantify the differences in attitudes between cultures. The interesting aspect of phrasing the Power Distance definition is that it is written from the perspective of people who have no power. It also shows high respect for rank and authority. These distance metrics are used in both supervised and unsupervised learning, generally to calculate the similarity between data points. The Philippines has the 4th highest power distance index in the world at 94 compared to the US at 40. This inequality is accepted by the people. Go to top. Search for: 'power distance' in Oxford Reference ». It suggests that a society’s level of inequality is endorsed by the followers as mush as by the leaders. The index formula is PDI = –35m(03) +35m(06) +25m(14) –20m(17) –20 in which m(03) is the mean score for question 03, etc. The first of Hofstede cultural dimensions, the power distance index, is a measurement which reflects how comfortable a society is with power inequality, authority, hierarchy and inequality. KidFrogMaster907. Hofstede’s power-distance index measures how acceptable an unequal spread of power is to a society. It is now available in fully-developed, ready-to-use culture-specific packages. Power-distance Culturally, the UK scores low for power-distance, a measure of the extent to which less powerful members of society expect and accept that unequal distribution of power. In contrast, Denmark is considered to be a low power distance culture with a power distance index of 18. Having put the Nazi Party and East/West Germany behind it, the Fatherland now measures a modest 35 on the Power Distance Index Scale (Hofstede). Note that the relevant chapter of Cultures and Organizations is titled “More Equal than Others,” and its subsection is labeled “Measuring the Degree of Inequality in Society: The Power Distance Index. Asia Power Index 2019 Methodology 2 I. Power distance index is when the less powerful members of an organization or institution expect power to be distrusted unequally. According to Geert Hofstede , Power Distance Index ( PDI ) measures the extent to which the less powerful members of organizations and institutions ( like the family ) accept and expect that power is distributed unequally . To provide a more precise understanding of the effects of power distance, we have developed a new psychological power distance conceptualization based on five sub-dimensions: 1) Power, 2) conflict with authority figure, 3) hierarchy, 4) prestige, and 5) social distance ( Fig. For example, in Germany percentage of power distance is 35% on the other side the percentage in. Pages 100+ Identified Q&As 100+ Solutions available. Power distance Index measures how the less powerful members of a society or institution agree to and expect the uneven distribution of power. The Power distance index measures the degree of hierarchy and focus of power and authority in the society House et al. Cultures Crossing offers cross-cultural simulations which allow (business) students at many levels to. The following are types of power distance index: Vertical PDI. Distance metrics are a key part of several machine learning algorithms. The six dimensions are as follows: Power Distance Index: Hofstede’s Power distance Index measures the extent to which inequality and power are tolerated. society is differentiated into classes. Show transcribed image text. Challanges of an aging world Fact: Global life expectancy for 2050 is 76 years old. measures power inequality between superiors and subordinates within a social system. | uncertainty avoidance. Although all cultures. , 2002). According to Hofstede and Hofstede (2001), China scores high on the power distance index: 80 points compared to a world average of 56. The quiz will test you on the history of Hofstede's Power Distance. High PDI cultures tend to be hierarchical, with members citing social roles, manipulation, and inheritance as sources of power and social status. the measure of difference between languages. 1. Inequalities among people are acceptable, and the subordinate. As shown in Table l, in large Power DistancePower distance may be defined as the degree of acceptance of unequal distribution of power that exists as a continuum in institutions such as families, schools and workplaces [8], [16]. The Power Distance Index is defined as “the extent to which the less powerful members of organizations and institutions (like the family) accept and expect that power is distributed unequally. high power distance. collectivism. High power distance stands for an unequal distribution of power; low power distance stands for equally distributed power. Power Distance Index. Table 6. Table 3 also reports how the VSM 2013 scale scores for power distance and its component items correlated with other measures of power distance. The Power Distance Index measures power inequality between superiors and subordinates within a social system 2. Power Distance. A The value of dignity and respect a person gets from society B The degree to which a society considers achievement or nurture The concept, is used in cultural studies to understand the relationship between individuals with varying power, and the effect this has on society. This metric is one of six measures in the Hofstede cultural dimensions theory. pieces of the workplace atmosphere puzzle. This dimension is essentially a measure of. Roy Philip. Methodology. In short, the index measures the extent to which subordinates accept or challenge the authority of the people in charge. ” In this dimension, inequality and power are perceived from the followers, or the lower level. Individualism vs. MAS represents specific values that a society values. Influenced by Confucius, a philosopher, and politician, Chinese society has a preference for simple organizational structures, in which subordinates obey and respect their superiors without question. Power distance index (PDI) is an assessment of the extent to which a society accepts the unequal distribution of power. In turn, in Culture’s Consequences Hofstede refers to Alex Inkeles and Daniel Levinson’s classic study describing the universal domains of culture (“standard analytical issues” in their nomenclature). Masculinity vs. The power distance index was developed to measure the distribution of wealth between people in a nation, business or culture. Basically, they have a PDI score of 80-100. Hofstede ( 1985) defines power distance as “the extent to which the members of a society accept that power in institutions and organizations is distributed unequally” (p. power, distance index, individua-lism, uncertainty avoidance and corruption, countries do have a single- power distance index --> measures the tolerance of social inequality - uncertainty avoidance index --> measures the tolerance of uncertainty and ambiguity - individual/collectivism index --> reflects the preference of. Countries with high power distance tend to use participative decision making. Hofstede’s (1980) cultural measures of individualism, uncertainty avoidance, and power distance, for example, have been shown to be correlated to the number (per capita) of trademarks (Shane, 1993). Power Distance Index. “Power distance can therefore be defined as the extent to which the less powerful members ofThe power-distance index measures the degree to which the individuals from a group or society acknowledge the hierarchy of power and authority. A low power distance index indicates that a culture encourages flat organizational structures that feature decentralized decision-making responsibility, a participative management style, and emphasis on power distribution. It is a measure of the extent to which members of a. The power-distance index (PDI) is a measurement of the acceptance of a hierarchy of power and wealth by the individuals who make up the general population of a nation, culture, or business. collectivism. Power Distance Index (PDI) is a measure of the degrA. Power distance, however, is not significant in. The IBM studies revealed that (a) women’s values differ less among societies than men’s values; (b) men’s values from one country to. Greet Hofstede developed an index called, Power Distance Index (PDI), giving numerical values to five cultural dimensions: power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, and. xls, . Borrowing from the Dutch social psycholo-Abstract. Indulgence Versus Restraint. From this dimension, an. femininity. A) The Power Distance Index measures how people in different societies relate to more powerful individuals. Masculinity. An effective distance metric improves the performance of our machine learning model, whether that’s for classification tasks or. Click the card to flip 👆. singh. Measures the tolerance of social inequality. An online intercultural training game that tests your intercultural knowledge and increases your cultural competence for living and working in a global environment. China is the highest ranked country on two measures. According to Hofstede's study, UAE citizens have a much higher level of power distance (scored 80) than their United States counterparts (scored 40) as shown in Table 1. 3) Masculinity Versus Femininity. Markets are the result of culture. Riding on this wave of success, Walt Disney ventured into Europe opening the first theme park in France. Hofstede's scores range from 100 (the highest power distance) to 0 (the lowest). It is a measure of the extent to which members of a society accept that power is unequally distributed and accept the unequal power relationships between people. Chapters 4-6. China’s score declined by 2. Power Distance. >the authority of the user over a product >the degree of a society’s level of inequality endorsed by the followers as much as by the leaders >the value of dignity and respect a person gets from society. It measures the temperature of power relationships in any given setting—be it your family, workplace, or an entire country. Think of power distance as a social thermometer. The fundamental issue here is how a society handles inequalities among people. measures power inequality between superiors and subordinates within a social system. + Follow. Similarly, cultural differences in power distance, which measures the level of hierarchy and the tolerance of inequality in a given society, are associated with crossnational variations in. Which country is likely to score high on Hofstede's masculinity and power distance measures? Costa Rica. The degree of hierarchy/the greater the power distance, the less power the lower level has compared to the upper level. It can either be high power distance index whereby bureaucracy is encouraged or a low power distance index where participation and decentralization of power is encouraged. In high-power distance index countries, employees are often afraid to express disagreement. Typically, though not exclusively, the. Culture is pervasive in all marketing activities, pricing, product, promotions, packaging, styling and channels of distribution. world's second largest religion. doc, . Power distance index in an acquirer’s/a target’s country: Power distance index. a. of a society accept—even expect—power to be distributed unequally. Power Distance. PDI is a part of cultural dimensions theory, an attempt to quantify the differences in attitudes between cultures. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. When leading multicultural teams, it is critical to understand the idea of power distance. PDI is a part. The Power distance index measures the degree of hierarchy and focus of power and authority in the society House et al.