Join Now; Log In; FAQS; People Search; W; Waraker, Laree - Ward Wilson, Stephanie. The majority of his income comes from the fights he participates in the WBC, WBC, and The Ring. People of this zodiac sign like truth, being right, longtime. Cascano-Resulta. Greg Cipes Net Worth. We have estimated Sophie Ward's net worth, money, salary, income, and assets. Ann Wedgeworth is a well-known TV Actress who was born on January 21, 1934 in Abilene, Texas. Ann appeared in Cycle 15 of the CW Network reality television show, America’s Next Top Model in 2010, in which she competed against. View FREE Public Profile & Reputation for Lori Ward in Conover, NC - Court Records | Photos | Address, Emails & Phone | Reviews | $90 - $99,999 Net Worth. net. Her net worth is estimated to be a total of $ 5 million which is known to be derived from her huge salary coming out of her TV career. However, her salary and other assets are unclear. Annual Earnings/Salary: $15K – $20K per episode. Ward has been married to Tracy Posner since 1990. S. Ann's current home is located at Grand Marais, MN. However, the specifics of her earnings and other assets remain undisclosed. His maternal great-great-great grandparents Peter McMahon and Ann Quinn were from County Tyrone, Ireland. She is pretty active on her social accounts. Age, height, and net worth. Annie Kate (née Boswell), who worked as a housewife, and Granberry Holland “G. We have estimated Anne Sward’s net worth, money, salary, income, and assets. She is an amazing, charming, mind-blowing, fabulous actress and fantastic singer. Lesley Ann Ward Net Worth Lesley Ann Ward Net Worth 2023, Age, Height, Relationships, Married, Dating, Family, Wiki Biography. 1 billion. S. Alison Ann Ward Bio/Wiki, Net Worth, Married 2018. The bout was nationally televised, with television commentators called it. Andre Ward is known as a American Former Professional Boxer. August 24, 2017. $1 Million - $5 Million. The minimum net worth needed to gain—or hold onto—a spot on the list this year jumped to $2. However, her salary and other earnings are unknown. Sela Ward will be 65 years old in 2022. Joann's present occupation is listed as a Principal at Josephine Ward. Sela Ann Ward: Nickname: Sela: Profession: Actress, author. View FREE Public Profile & Reputation for Ann Ward in Asheville, NC - See Court Records | Photos | Address, Emails & Phone Number | Personal Review | $200 - $249,999 Income & Net WorthAnn Wagner Ward Net Worth 2023, Age, Height, Relationships, Married, Dating, Family, Wiki Biography. Alison Ward estimated Net Worth, Salary, Income, Cars, Lifestyles & many more details have been updated below. As a web content writer, I am passionate about creating engaging and informative content that captivates and inform our audience. Joyce's reported annual income is about $30 - 39,999; with a net worth that tops $50,000 - $99,999. S. Family & Relatives. If you’re interested in learning more about Ann Ward’s life and career, you can explore. Joann Ward lives in Round Lake Beach, IL; previous cities include Waterman IL and Wtmn IL. Megan Ann Ward Net Worth 2023, Age, Height, Relationships, Married, Dating, Family, Wiki Biography. Evelyn Ward is from United States. However, this information will be updated as soon as it is available. Social Media. Terri Ann Ward net worth is $400,000 Terri Ann Ward Wiki: Salary, Married, Wedding, Spouse, Family. Everyone's favorite "Sister" was born Sela Ann Ward, on July 11, 1956, in Meridian, Mississippi. It should be noted that Sela Ward's husband since 1993, Howard Sherman, is a very successful private equity investor. Related Articles. Jack Lord Net Worth. Under Review. 01 /5. Or, Jesmyn Ward's net worth in US Dollar Nov, 2023? Jesmyn Ward salary income and net worth data provided by People Ai provides an estimation for any internet celebrity's real salary income and net worth like Jesmyn Ward based on real numbers. She was born in the town of Meridian, Mississippi, U. She is known for being a Model. 10. 3 million. Other family members and associates include James Starkey, John Harrison, Julie Harrison, Jean Harrison and Gregory Crockett. She signed with Ford Models in 2005. Alie Ward’s Net Worth. [18]. Most of his money came from the Duchy of Cornwall, a private estate that funds the life and activities. Ann Ward is a magnificence from the USA. Alie’s mother name is Nancy who has. Ward and his mother’s name is Lisa M. Ann Ward Net Worth. Wilson (September 3, 1923 – March 30, 1999) [1] was an American actor most noted for his role as "Bill Hawks", the assistant trail master, in all 267 episodes of the NBC and ABC western television series, Wagon Train, which aired from 1957 to 1965. Andre Ward was born on 23 February 1984 and presently Andre Ward is 39 years old. Sela's parents were Annie Kate (Boswell) and Granberry Holland Ward, Jr. Ann Marie Ward was born on 20 April 1991 in Dallas, Texas. At one minute and one seconds. Evelyn Ward earned the money being a professional Actor. Let’s check, How Rich is Ann Hould-Ward in 2019-2020? Scroll below and check more detailed information about Current Net worth as well as Monthly/Year. At number 10 with a net worth of $273 million is Tom L. Moreover, she has earned an impressive amount of money from her profession. Furthermore, she has worked hard since infancy to earn this fame and is actively working to increase her net worth. Ann Ward is a American Model who was born on April 20, 1991 in Dallas, Texas, USA. Model who won America's Next Top Model during Cycle 15 in 2010 and has appeared on the cover of. She is from United States. Contents. Real Time Net Worth. What is Hines Ward's Net Worth? Hines Ward is a retired American football wide receiver who has a net worth of $18 million. Net Worth and Salary. However, her salary and other assets are unclear. View FREE Public Profile & Reputation for Ann Ward in Somersworth, NH - See Court Records | Photos | Address, Emails & Phone Number | Personal Review | $30 - $39,999 Income & Net WorthAccording to CelebrityNetWorth, Ward’s net worth was estimated to be around $3 million at the time of his death. Category: Richest Celebrities › Models Net Worth: $6 Million Date of Birth: Nov 3, 1987 (36 years old) Place of Birth: Perth Gender: Female Height: 5 ft 10 in (1. As of 2023, Sela Ward’s net worth is $100,000 - $1M. Together they have a son named Sebastian Ward Nanni, who was born on June 28, 2019 and a daughter Aurora Marie Nanni in April 2023. The Born in United states TV Actress was born in San Francisco on November 6, 1976. Ward currently serves as the Chief Executive Officer and Board Member at CURiO Brands,. However, her salary and other earnings are unknown. He is from Canada. Ann Ward (born April 20, 1991) is famous for being model. As of now, Ann Ward’s estimated net worth stands at around $5 million. She is famous for Vonda Ward, she is the idol of the younger generation. At present, he lives in London. No wonder that Dawn is extremely rich and lives in a luxury home that has estimated value of £12 million ($18 million). Lindsay is married to her husband Tony Nanni since June 14, 2014. His second wife was Kathy Kersh (1967-69). Yearly Income. " Ward, Jr. Ann Ward is 48 years old today because Ann's birthday is on 12/05/1974. Summary. 4. Alie Ward Net Worth. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur pulvinar ligula augue quis venenatis. Ward fought a nationally televised championship bout with Ann Wolfe in Biloxi, Mississippi. In Ann Ward, ed. You can find her net worth and source of income in the below section. Model who won America's Next Top Model during Cycle 15 in 2010 and has. The second best result is Betsy Lee Ward age 70s in Fort Worth, TX in the City View neighborhood. Email. She is from TX. Tom Ford. What is Charlie Ward’s Net Worth and Salary? As of 2023, Charlie Ward’s net worth is estimated to be around $10 million. What does Saia do? saia, inc. Alie Ward (Full Name: Alison Ann Ward) is a 46-year-old illustrious American podcast host, television host, actress, writer, and writer. Later, he earned $600 per week in that series only. Salary in 2023. Alie Ward is American by birth. Cheema Net Worth. She had held world titles in four different weight classes at the same time. For her work and contribution as a model, Ward is being rewarded with a massive volume of salary. Memories of her shall never fade. So, how much is Evelyn Ward worth at the age of 89 years old?. As a boxer, she competed from 2000 to 2008 and held multiple heavyweight world championships, including the WBC title in 2007. Ann Wagner Ward net worth is $300,000 Ann Wagner Ward Wiki: Salary, Married, Wedding, Spouse, Family Ann Wagner Ward is an actress, known for Alabama's Ghost (1973). She has modeled for brands such as Alex London, CoverGirl, Roberto Cavalli and Vivienne Westwood. 1 Million SaraAnn Ward Wiki: Salary, Married, Wedding, Spouse, Family. 5 Million: 2021: 14 Million: 2022:The estimated Net Worth of Thomas J Ward is at least $22. Ann Ward- Net Worth, Salary. What is Ann Ward’s net worth? As of 2023, she has a total net worth of $1 million – $5 million. Ann Cicily Ward (m. American actress who is best known as the co-host of the Cooking Channel’s Tripping Out with Alie & Georgia. Ann Ward Net worth Check how rich is Ann Ward in 2020? also latest information on Ann Ward cars, Ann Ward income, remuneration, lifestyle. Famous interior designer and architect Dawn Ward is married to a ex-footballer Ashley Ward. Next Article. Coronation Street’s actor, Sean Ward made a good amount of money from his acting career. Ann Ward Net Worth is $10 Million Ann Ward Bio/Wiki, Net Worth, Married 2018. Kellie is the mother of five children : Rachel Ward Mayer & Lyndsey Ward (had with her first husband); Jenny Kutz & Max Kutz (had with her second husband), and Emily Jean Ann Swisher (had with her third husband). Infinity Ward Networth 2022. Melody Lane Ward, Lisa Ann Ward: Dating/Girlfriend (Name): N/A: Is Burt Ward Gay? (Name of Partner): No: Does he have tattoos?: No: Smoking: No: Drinking: Yes: Profession: Actor and activist:. She was born in Meridian, Mississippi. Salary in 2020. Donnaann Ward Net Worth Donnaann Ward Net Worth 2023, Age, Height, Relationships, Married, Dating, Family, Wiki Biography. Her net worth has been growing significantly in 2020-2021. . 1 Million. 12. Ann Ward Net Worth 2023, Age, Height, Relationships, Married, Dating, Family, Wiki Biography. Her birth name is Sela Ann Ward and she is currently 65 years old. Alie Ward’s Short Bio, Career, Net Worth. Mr. Ann Ward image. As of November 2023, The total net worth of Sela Ward is $60. He rose to fame as the winner of the second series of The X Factor. The estimated net worth of Juanita Belle is $9 million, according to gulabigangofficial. Andre Ward Net Worth. Ann Hould-Ward estimated Net Worth, Biography, Age, Height, Dating, Relationship Records, Salary, Income, Cars, Lifestyles & many more details have been updated below. Spear’s estimated that Dawn had a net worth of £42 million. Ward has an estimated net worth of 2 million dollars. In addition, she makes $75,594 as Independent Director at Saia. Burt Ward Net Worth. Ward has not shared any information concerning her salary with the public. What is the current Net Worth of Burt Ward? At present, the Net Worth of Burt Ward is $20 million. How. Whether I am writing blog posts or articles I try. Daily Income. Ann Ward Biography. Ann Ward is a American Model who was born on April 20, 1991 in Dallas, Texas, USA. ]. JoAnn Ward is the co-founder of Master Matchmakers, a high end personal service that has been coaching and matching single men and women for more than 20 years. The most lucrative fights of his career, Ward’s trilogy with Gatti brought in about $3 million. ” Ward, Jr. She has appeared in a handful of TV shows, most notably on Nash Bridges. In Ann Ward and Lee Ward, eds. 3. Burt Ward has a net worth of $25 million (approx). , who was an electrical engineer. Ann Ward net worth is $850,000 Ann Ward Wiki: Salary, Married, Wedding, Spouse, Family Ann Ward is an actress, known for Alfred Hitchcock Presents (1985), The Campbells (1986) and Evergreen (1985). Ward is married to Tracy Posner and has two children. Lindsay’s net worth is $1. Sela’s age is 66; she has brown hair and hazel eyes, weighs around 140lbs (63kgs) and is 5ft 7ins (1. In 1965 she received wide recognition for playing the title role in the television musical production of Cinderella. She has blue eyes, and her hair is brown. She stated that she was mocked during school due to. Name Gemma Ward Net Worth(2023) $6 Million Dollars Profession Australian Model and Actress Date of Birth 3 November 1987 Age 35 years old Height 176 cm (5 Feet 10 Inches) Weight 57 kg (126 lbs) BirthplaceAnn Hould-Ward Net Worth: Under Review April 18, 2016 Richest Designers net worth and measurements 1954-04-08 , All I Wanna Do (1998) , American Playhouse (1981) , Ann Hould-Ward Net Worth , Costume Department , Costume designer , Glasgow , Montana , Six by Sondheim (2013) , The 38th Annual Tony Awards (1984) , U. ]. 55 Million dollars as of 16 February 2021. She currently. Ann Hould-Ward is a Costume Designer. Full name: Sela Ann Ward Sherman. Ann Ward Brother. her net worth is $1. According to Wikipedia, Forbes, IMDb & Various Online resources, famous Hockey Player Cam Ward’s net worth is $84 Million at the age of 35 years old. She is a celebrity model. Sela Ward. She received her second Primetime Emmy Award and Golden. As of November 2023, Andre Ward net worth is $10 million. Ann Ward Net Worth. Maitland has been successful in keeping herself far from rumours and controversies in her personal and professional life to date. We have estimated Ann Ward's net worth, money, salary, income, and assets. Ann Ward- Wiki, Age, Height, Net Worth, Boyfriend, Ethnicity. Reviews. Sela Ann Ward has a net worth of $60 million Sela Ann Ward’s biography and wiki. She and Nicole Fox have both won America’s Next Top Model. Ann Ward- Wiki, Age, Height, Net Worth, Boyfriend, Ethnicity Poloralph 11/06/2023. She. Brands Own: Gucci and Louis Vuitton. His acting career. A post shared by Ann Ward (@annwardreal) on May. According to Celebrity Net Worth, Edward has an estimated net worth of £32 million ($45m). She is also a media personality who rose to prominence after participating in the 15th season of America’s Next Top Model. A member of the Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL), she represents District 53A in the east-central. She can also be a media determine who got here to prominence after competing on Cycle 15 of America’s Subsequent High. Sometimes Joann goes by various nicknames including Jo Ann Ward, Joann A Ward and Jo A Ward. Discover Alie Ward’s Wiki Biography, Age, Height, Physical Stats, Dating/Affairs, Family and career updates. Inside Fred Ward’s net worth . Beginning in 1973 with a role in an Italian television film, he subsequently appeared in a variety of films, including Escape from Alcatraz, Southern Comfort, The Right Stuff, Remo Williams: The Adventure Begins,. The minimum net worth needed to gain—or hold onto—a spot on the list this year jumped to $2. Net Worth in 2021. January 31, 2023. $ 1000000. She is 46 years old as of November 2022. Ann. ]. | Wikiramp Winner of Cycle 15 of America's Next Top Model, Ann Ward is currently. Sela Ward’s Height is 5 feet 7 inches or 1. Infinity Ward Networth 2019. Emmy Award-winning actress Sela Ann Ward and her husband, a venture capitalist and one-time U. Sela has an estimated net worth of $50 Million. Additionally, she has directed and produced. View FREE Public Profile & Reputation for Ann Ward in Graceville, FL - See Court Records | Photos | Address, Emails & Phone Number | Personal Review | $60 - $69,999 Income & Net WorthAccording to Forbes and industry experts’ latest study, Jessie Lee Ward estimated net worth is more than a couple of million USD. She was born in Glasgow on April 08, 1954. Previously city included West Greenwich RI. Family. $1 Million - $5 Million. Lucy Hall in the 2004 film The Day After. Model who won America’s Next Top Model during Cycle 15 in 2010 and has appeared on the cover of Vogue and ENE magazine. We have estimated Sela Ward's net worth , money, salary, income, and assets. With his easygoing and peaceful demeanor, he is predicted to gain popularity in the coming years, and we can anticipate him climbing the ladders of success in the television. We know that Ann is married at this point. Reviews. insiders at Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc have traded over $266,534,328 worth of Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc stock and. as of 11/23/23. She has an estimated net worth of around $2 million as of 2023, and her salary is estimated to be $62,000. Ann Ward Salary. He earned the money being a professional Hockey Player. Marie Ward net worth is $2 Million Marie Ward Wiki: Salary, Married, Wedding, Spouse, Family Marie Ward is an actress and director, known for Honey (2003), The Dogfather (2010) and Descent (2005). Read More. The Seventies saw many women's rights, gay rights, and environmental movements. She has a net worth of $144k. Salary in 2023. But before moving further, let us get to know who Andre Ward is. Burt Ward is an American television personality who has a net worth of about $25 million as of November 2023. Shayne Ward Net Worth. Alison Ward earned the. Page · Actor. But what people might not know is that the 46-year-old has made most of her fortunes off of her own back. Net Worth in 2021. Yes (Melody Lane Ward,Lisa Ann Ward) Salary: Net Worth: $25 million: Burt Ward’s Date of Birth and Age. Sela Ward Health Update 2023. She and Nicole Fox have both won America’s Next Top Model. Loving mother of 6 adult children. and yes, most of them are Republicans Ann Ward is a fashion model. There are 9 executives at Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc getting paid more, with Mihael Polymeropoulos having the highest compensation of $4,278,140. Carlos Slim HeluAs of 2023, actor and model Micheal Ward had a net worth of between $500K and $1M. Furthermore, she has worked hard since infancy to earn this fame and is actively working to increase her net worth. 15. Ann Ward Net Worth : $ 200,000 Lets check out updated 2021 Ann Ward Net Worth Income Salary report which is given below :Ann Ward’s Net Worth. In addition to that, he won a gold medal in the Summer Olympics in 2004 that allows him to win a big reward. Ann Marie Ward: Net Worth: $1. Ward Net Worth - $273 Million. Mary Ann Cotton’s net worth is estimated to be $1. We have estimated Jodi-Ann Ward’s net worth, money, salary, income, and assets. So, in this article, we discussed all information about Linda Ann Ward's net worth, wiki, bio, career, height, weight, family, pics, affairs, car, salary, age, and other details in 2022. It’s easy to predict her income, but it’s much harder to know how much she has spent over the years. However, her salary and other assets are unclear. Tom Ford. Burt Ward is 76 years old in 2022. Salary in 2020. Joanne Gignilliat Trimmier Woodward (born February 27, 1930) is a retired American actress. In addition, he makes $3,287,590 as Senior Vice President and President - Repair Systems. Is Alie Ward Married. Alie Ward Net Worth. Ann WARD | Contact Ann WARD | ResearchGate, the professional network for scientists. Tom L. For example, it's said he only earned $10,000 for the 2003 film "Masked and Anonymous. What is the age of Jillian Ward?. 3. Burt Ward Net Worth. First up we have Travis Barker, a musician and reality TV personality who came to prominence as the drummer for the pop-punk band Blink 182 but has since collaborated with numerous hip hop artists, founded the rock bands +44 and Box Car Race, and performed with Antemasque, Goldfinger, and the. 3 million. In January 2022, Sean revealed that he became jobless and was. $1 million – $5 million. Donna Ann Ward net worth is $5 Million Donna Ann Ward Wiki: Salary, Married, Wedding, Spouse, Family Donna Ann Ward is known for her work on Struck by Lightning (2012), bAd (2007) and Behind Every Great Man (2011). Ward has an estimated net worth. She earns money through modeling, contracts, photoshoots, sponsorships, and posting on social media, to name a few. His birthplace is Los Angeles. She graduated from. Source of Income. Her physical measurements and clothing size are unclear, but she uses a 9 US shoe size. CelebsMoney has recently updated Alie Ward’s net worth. She is a simple person and never likes to attract public attention by publicly displaying her wealth. Yes (Melody Lane Ward, Lisa Ann Ward) Dating/Girlfriend (Name): N/A: Profession: American actor and activist: Net Worth in 2023: $25 million: Last Updated:. Ann Ward is a member of Model Age, Biography and Wiki 💰 Net worth: $16 Million Some Ann Ward images About Model who won. Ward made the majority of his fortune from his successful boxing career. She won the 1994 Tony Award for Beauty. Burt Ward has a net worth of $25 million (approx) Burt Ward’s wiki/biography. Her eyes color are Green. Children: Melody Lane Ward, Lisa Ann Ward. Alie pockets an estimated salary of $84,378 annually. She continues to reside in Fort Worth, Texas, her hometown. In 1983, he and fellow Oklahoma City resident Aubrey McClendon joined forces to found Chesapeake Energy Corporation, the source of much of their respective wealth. Net Worth and Income Source of Sela Ward. She has a net worth of $1 million- 5 million as of 2023. Source: ANTM41128K Followers, 353 Following, 342 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from Ann Ward (@annmward91)Her net worth has been growing significantly in 2022-2023. Ann Ward Net Worth. Ward has one sibling, a younger brother. She was raised in Nothern California along with her parents. View FREE Public Profile & Reputation for Ann Ward in Amesbury, MA - Court Records | Photos | Address, Emails & Phone | Reviews | $90 - $99,999 Net WorthAll in all, People states, Ward's career spanned over four decades. 78 m)Net Worth & Salary of Charlie Ward in 2023. Royal Family Members. 5 Million: 2022: 14 Million: 2023: 14. She has modeled for brands such as Alex London, CoverGirl, Roberto Cavalli and Vivienne Westwood. We have estimated Alie Ward's net worth , money, salary, income, and assets. That could consist of Criminal and Civil Court Records, lawsuits, liens, judgements, income, property records, social media, work & education history, photos, personal reviews, and complete contact details. In addition to making more money each day,. What is the net worth of Sela Ward? The net worth is $60 million. Online resources estimate Alie’s net worth to be $879,148. American television and film actress who became known for her recurring roles on the series Once and Again and CSI: NY. Currently, there are no desperate rumors regarding Jillian’s personal and professional life. 3 million. Ann Ward Net Worth. Ann Hould-Ward net worth is $850,000 Ann Hould-Ward Wiki: Salary, Married, Wedding, Spouse, Family Ann Hould-Ward (born April 8, 1954, Glasgow, Montana) is an American costume designer, primarily for the theatre and dance. Other Ann Ward's; Trusted Connections, Since. Mellon Professorship in the Humanities. Ann Marie Ward was born on April 20, 1991, in New York City, and is a fashion model from the United States. Tom Ford. With an exceptional talent and skillset, Ann Ward has established a successful career over the years, earning widespread recognition and acclaim. Sela Ann Ward (born July 11, 1956) [1] [2] is an American actress, author, and producer. Translate; Trending; Random Home Model Ann Ward. Meanwhile, her former partner Tom Hardy has a net worth amounting to $30 million as of 2020. She is from USA. We have estimated Jodi-Ann Ward’s net worth, money, salary, income, and assets. $1 Million - $5 Million. However, we do not know her exact net worth, but we can assume that it is in the millions of dollars. Ann Ward’s physical characteristics include a body weight of 55 kg. As of 2023, Leaf Ward has an estimated net worth of $300K. “Montesquieu on Federalism and the Problem of Liberty in the International System,” co-authored with David Fott. 70 m and Her Weight is 63 Kg or 139 Pounds. Net Worth: $1 million – $7 million: Annual Salary: Under review: Source of Income: Politician: Verification Status of Wealth:Linda Ann Ward is a famous Figure Skater. The author, painter, and actor Alison Ann Ward is the co-host of the 2013 Cooking Channel travel-food television series Tripping Out with Alie & Georgia. Travis Barker Net Worth - $45 Million. She is currently 41 years of age, and the birth sign is Scorpio. You might like. Previous to Sheena's current city of Killeen, TX , Sheena Ward lived in Homestead FL, Miami FL and Hagerstown MD. Ward owns over 396 units of Saia stock worth over $153,393 and over the last 4 years she sold SAIA stock worth over $106,128. Tom Ford. Melody Lane Ward: Daughter: Lisa Ann Ward: Burt Ward Career. He has earned a considerable amount of money from his many roles and has an estimated net worth of $3 million. Peter McMahon and Ann Quinn emigrated to County Tyrone, Ireland, from somewhere in Ireland, according to his. He is also active in animal welfare, having founded a nonprofit organization for the care of abandoned animals. Let’s check, How Rich is JoAnn Ward in 2019-2020? Scroll below and check more details information about Current Net worth as well as Monthly/Year Salary,. Andre Ward net worth is currently $8 million. H. One of his highest-paid series is the Batman series, in which the starting weekly income was $350 per week and increased up to $600 per week. JoAnn Ward net worth is $1. net . Bob Guiney. , an electrical engineer; the three younger children in the family are Jenna (1957), Berry (1959) and Brock (1961).