representing several of the schools of ikebana practiced by artists around the world. 1 What is Ikebana 3 1. Published by Ekaterina on August 9, 2015. As you can see, juxtaposition is achieved by setting one image or idea in the “fragment” portion and contrasting it with a second, often related, image or idea in the “phrase” portion of the verse. Archive of past workshops - Sogetsu School of Ikebana, Victorian Branch. Study Resources. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Japanese style of floral arrangements based on buddhist principles, Primary line of Ikebana representing heaven, Secondary line of Ikebana representing mankind and more. to 28 B. For this workshop, she led the class in a. throat. These three stems represented heaven, man and earth. Ikebana. Create. Shin, Soe, and Hikae In the Sogestu School of Ikebana, the rules upon which this article is loosely based, shin, soe, and hikae are the terms for the 3 main pieces of an arrangement. Postharvest Processing Conditioning and Storage Chapter 6. The main one, Shin, represents the will or determination of the plant to grow towards the sun. aurelie fonjo now. This is so because Ikebana is an art in Japan in the same sense that painting and sculpture are arts. tai. Hikae, which represents mankind, should be about three-fourths the length of Soe. There are more than three thousand Ikebana Schools in Japan today. 3) Connectivity (Chapter 10. Her second work, below , represents the curl and tumble of waves. secondary line of the Ikebana representing mankind. The centuries-old art of ikebana combines flowers and other materials into arrangements that express a relationship to the surrounding space and such aesthetic elements as the seasons. There should be no overcrowding of stems/ flowers. Ikebana – 生花 – living flowers or giving life to flowers. Ikebana differs from western flower arrangement in a number of. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Ikebana, Shin, Shoe and more. Shin. We’re fans of flower arranging in all forms – as long as it’s done with care – so we have to. No one knows who wrote the play. Her second work, below , represents the curl and tumble of waves. Ikebana arrangements were originally composed of three main lines of differing height to create a three-dimensional form—the tallest representing heaven, the lowest, earth, and man in the middle. Soe. Home. Silence: ikebana is a form of meditation and so silence helps to hone the mind on the activity at hand. 0, via Wikimedia Commons. It’s a tradition that goes back centuries, and its design principles are governed by specific rules and techniques. The Japanese style of floral arrangements characterized by linear forms and buddhist principles Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Ikebana, Adornment, Shin and more. A second stem that’s two-thirds the height of the tallest element represents man. Ikebana continues to be practiced by many ordinary people not affiliated with specific schools and is an intimate part ofStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Greek, Romans, Renaissance and more. Marxism and various nationalisms are classic examples. - Larger in height compared to the container. October 26, 1975 Ikebana International. The Language of Composition Arrangement Arrangement Arrangement is. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Adornment, Ikebana, Shin and more. sides or halves which are the same, 8. The second line symbolizes the man, being the middle branch, placed obliquely in the vessel; its length should cover three quarters of the first branch. The metaphor of the flower as essence is everywhere in Japanese literature. answer choices . Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What are the filler flowers for Ikebana, What is the primary line of the Ikebana that represents Heaven?, - Used flowers for Adornment - Continued the use of wreaths and garlands - Created the "Horn of Plenty" and more. Moribana. Shin. Soe. It is practiced as an art where flowers and other natural elements are placed in such a way as to embody harmony, peace, and beauty . The Ikebana were prefigured two decades earlier by a series of sculptures based on imaginary floral forms that Chihuly and James Carpenter created in 1970 at the Haystack Mountain School of Crafts and by. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like adornment, Ikebana, Shin and more. _____ is the arrangement of flowers, foliage and other materials created to be worn or hung upStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Adornment, Ikebana, Shin and more. The tradition dates back to Heian period, when floral offerings were made at altars. Major schools of Ikebana, including Ikenobo, Ohara, and Sogetsu have greatly influenced the floral styles of Ikebana. The single material ikebana uses only. Ikebana is a style of floral design that originated in Japan. The secondary lines represent mankind The tertiary line represents the earth and it sits in a horizontal position. Man and earth, the second and third stems, look up to this power. Secondary principle of proportion. Powerpoint lesson 4. Ikebana is an art form derived from the combination of nature, human creativity and formal technique. To work with nature and find it's form. Place your cursor where you want to add a new line. Default is to read all lines. ⏱ 3 minutes. Ikenobo Senkei, a Buddhist priest, created the earliest form of ikebana, called tatehana, or “standing flowers. Primary line of the Ikevana representing heaven. Considerations of color, line, form, and function guide the construction of a work. Styles of Ikebana. SURVEY . Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Japanese style of floral arrangements based on buddhist principles, Primary line of Ikebana representing heaven, Secondary line of Ikebana representing mankind and more. ” said Toshiro Kawase, one of Japan’s most influential modern ikebana practitioners. Japanese style of floral arrangements based on Buddhist principles. garland. The Basics of Ikebana. The shortest group, Tai, is the symbol of the ground in which the plants. tertiary line of the Ikebana representing earth; 11. The. The art of ikebana helps to see beauty in all kinds of art. C. The second line of the Hello World script calls the print function with the argument of hello world! Print is a built-in Python function that allows users to print messages to the command line. Ikebana, also known as kado in Japanese, is considered to be the top 3 major forms of cultural arts along with Tea ceremony and. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Ikebana, Kado or "way of the flower", "living flowers" and more. causes came to be identified with mankind and looked to as the center and source of meaning and value. tertiary line of the Ikebana representing earth 11. Each school has its own philosophy concepts and technique. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Adornment, Ikebana, Shin and more. ” said Toshiro Kawase, one of Japan’s most influential modern ikebana practitioners. Traditionally they are all equally important. What is Ikebana? Ikebana is the ancient Japanese art of flower arranging. Atlas » Learn more about the world with our collection of regional and country maps. Today it is practiced widely in Japan and across the globe. The tallest element, the Shin, should be sturdy enough to. filler flowers of. It's not a time for idle. It gives angle and depth to the flower arrangement. Line and shape in ikebana also follow the principle of minimalism and must look natural. Ikebana (生け花) is a Japanese floral art that allows the creation of a. 2) to calculate the wavelength: 1 λ = RH( 1 n2 1 − 1 n2 2) A For the Lyman series, n1 = 1. Number 100, if and when it appears in input should be converted to textual representation as hundred and not as one hundred. It aims to bring out the intrinsic features of flowers and other elements to express emotion, as opposed to the western style of simply arranging flowers in a vase. Humble High School. 5 times the height of the container. Secondary line of Ikebana representing mankind. Running ikebana classes for guests at one of Kyoto’s luxury hotels. Ikebana arrangements are not unlike sculpture. The word is composed of two kanji characters, “生” and “花”. Its not time for idle gossip. primary line of the Ikebana representing heaven. comNPWT may be either a primary or secondary line of treatment, depending on the type of wound. Shin, Soe, and Hikae: In the Sogestu School of Ikebana, the rules upon which this article is loosely based, shin, soe, and hikae are the terms for the 3 main pieces of an arrangement. Flowers, plants, leaves and branches are chosen according to the season to represent a theme or to establish the decor of a room – for this reason, it shares close links with Japanese tea ceremony. Shin. used flowers for decorations, _____, _____ and. The name comes from the Japanese ike, meaning ‘alive’ or ‘arrange’ and bana meaning. Across: 1) tertiary line of the Ikebana representing earth 7) sides or halves which are not the same, but still balanced 9) something to add decoration or attractiveness to 11) appears natural and not artificial or arranged 12) secondary line of the Ikebana representing mankind 2. “Buddy” Benz ’32, spent his career promoting and teaching design theory. Ikebana is a time to observe nature. Ikebana, an ancient living art form from Japan, has stark differences from traditional western aesthetics of flower arranging. secondary line of the Ikebana representing mankind. 4 inches x 5. g. The three main components of Ikebana: Heaven, Man and Earth. Later, flower arrangements were instead used to adorn the tokonoma (alcove) of a traditional Japanese home. Study sets, textbooks. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Adornment, Ikebana, Shin and more. secondary line of the Ikebana representing mankind. A nice and elegant detail is the sand at the bottom of the containers - white sand in the land container in sharp contrast to the black sand depicting the seabed. In ikebana, you can use any plant material that’s organic – choose from flowers, leaves, reeds, twigs, fruit, grasses or branches. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Adornment, Ikebana, Shin and more. As in Rikka, strict rules for placement of materials have been established. -- Call and text any mobile or landline in US and Canada. About us; DMCA / Copyright Policy; Privacy Policy; Terms of Service; Representing Meaning Lecture 18 12 Sep 2007 TransitionRed Kangaroo Paw flowers represent the movement of bushfire flames rising up as they burn. chinese, japanese, rikkwa,ikebana, shin, cyo, so. Shin. Many ikebana arrangements are composed with the silhouette of a scalene triangle, whose three points are symbolic of heaven, earth, and man. Soon there was a new secondary line of apparel called Nanette Nanette Lepore, sold primarily at outlets such as Nordstrom Rack, as well as licensed swimwear, shoes, handbags, jewellery, perfume and household products. Subjects. It is believed to have originated in the 6th century, but is still practiced widely today. 9 inches x 2. Landscape moribana arrangement by the Ohara-ryū in a tokonoma alcove in front of a scroll painting ( kakemono) Landscape moribana of the Saga Go-ryū. Five teachers took part in a demonstration on the Saturday afternoon. Ikebana is the art of beautifully arranging cut stems, leaves, and flowers in vases and other containers that evolved in Japan over seven centuries. The arrangements seem simple at first glance, but there is deep meaning within each element. Renaissance. Ikenobo is the oldest of the three and still retains the classical concepts of ikebana. 2. It provides width to the. Try it freeIkebana. Different from what people usually do with flowers, a. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Ikebana, Shin, Soe and more. Written by Rowena Mangohig. shōka, (Japanese: “living flowers”), in classical Japanese floral art, a three-branched asymmetrical style that is a simplification of the ancient stylized temple floral art of rikka. Structure – The basic structure of Ikebana is a scaled triangle. We watch as the line-drawing sketched out on the board (of shin, meaning truth, the first and longest branch; soy, the assistant branch, two-thirds of the length of the shin; and tai, or earth, a. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Cornucopia, Corsage, Garland and more. And flowers are media to be used to express yourself. 900 seconds . The first human inhabitants of the Japanese archipelago have been traced to the Paleolithic, around 38-39,000 years ago. Man/Mankind or Soe. Ikebana displays were originally used with the tea. Introduction to Ikebana. Ikebana is the art of beautifully arranging cut stems, leaves, and flowers in vases and other containers that evolved in Japan over seven centuries. Well, let me use the words of Gorge Orwell “we are all equal but some are more equal than others” to express my bias towards lines. 097 × 107m − 1(1 1 − 1 4) = 8. medium and short stems symbolizing heaven, man and earth. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Adornment, Ikebana 1, Shin and more. The maze-ike shoka workshop was led by visiting professor from Illinois, Jeanne Holy. the finalarrangement. Tools needed for ikebana include sharp scissors to trim stems, containers from cylindrical vases to shallow dishes and a pin holder which is called “kenzan” in the. Nejime. Abstract: This paper discusses about the principle of the form structure. Subjects. first to use water and containers to create floral. Shin is the longest branch, and represents heaven; soe is the medium branch and represents man; and hikae is the shortest and represents the Earth. To arrange the stems and flowers exactly as one wishes, a familiarity with many different ways of fastening and positioning them is necessary. Tertiary line of the Ikebana representing earth. The lines in Ikebana represent the stems and branches of the flowers, and they are used to create a sense of movement and direction in the arrangement. Write the Apartment Unit Number on the Second Line. What do the three lines of ikebana stand for? With only one line, you can express direction, movement, or energy. It gives a good depth, with the container in the front representing the water and the one in the background representing land. steam from the lamb’s. soe. The single material ikebana uses only. Tertiary line = represents earth Primary line = represents heaven Secondary line = represents mankind. Fresh features from the #1 AI-enhanced learning platform. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Floral designs have been used for several reasons throughout history. Flower Identification Learn with flashcards, games, and more — for free. Write the City, State/Province, and ZIP Code on the Third Line. Instead, the. arrangements. An icon in the floral industry, Benz was. Soe. Japanese style of floral arrangements based on Buddhist. Ikebana is also known for its use of three main elements: LinesShe said Ikebana is a way of arranging flowers according to ancient principles in which branches and flowers are placed at specific angles to represent heaven, earth and man. You can also use the formula bar to start a new line in an Excel cell. Ikebana is the art of flower arranging that originates in ancient Japan. The surface of the water is always exposed to aid in creating the effect of representing a complete plant growing as nearly as possible in its natural conditions. Styles of ikebana changed in the late 15th century and transformed into an art form with fixed instructions. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like shin, symmetrical, tai and more. Manhattan-based designer Emily Thompson’s arrangement of wild autumn clematis vine, whose delicate white flowers turn into fluffy seed pods come fall, and a single. The symbolism of Ikebana: Heaven, Man and Earth. To work with nature and find it's form. second highest portion of Ikebana. 8 inches. ikebana teachers and students. Silence. Animal Agriculture and Mankind A. 5. - Includes Nejime: filler flowers to tie all elements together. appears natural and not artificial or arranged opportunities. A little in favor of Japanese gardens which are supposed to represent nature in the broad sense. Ikebana. Gladiolus x hortulanus cv. Disposable Non-Powered Mechanical or Single Use Battery-Powered NPWT/VAC: Smaller disposable non-powered or single use battery-powered NPWT devices have been proposed for the treatment of smaller wounds ;The body’s second line of defence. In basic form, an Ikebana arrangement follows a fixed pattern: A triangle of three points representing; heaven earth and man, emphasis is placed on linear perfection, color harmony, space and form. Shoka Shofutai thus represents the spiritual aspect of Ikenobo Ikebana. It uses tall vases and has many rules. What is the primary line of the Ikebana representing heaven? What is the art of arranging flowers called? Ikebana Ikebana, or Japanese flower arranging, is more than just putting flowers in a container. That’s because it uses a 30/70 balance. The Art of Ikebana. Floral Design Review Learn with flashcards, games, and more — for free. Ikebana is the Japanese art of flower arrangement. Normally, they are arranged between three points or twigs that represent either heaven, earth, and man or sun, earth, and moon. Down. Monochromatic color scheme (one color) Red, pink, maroon. Ikebana. Ikebana, which stands for “living flowers”, is the Japanese art of flower arrangement, which dates back to as early as the 6th century. 2022 Exhibition. Ikebana symbolizes the beauty of all components of the natural world working in. 5 inches. The. A reclusive 69-year-old artist, Kawase is best known for his project “One Day, One Flower,” which he. Ikebana is a lesson for life, not just for the act of arranging flowers. Created by the Greek; horn of plenty. leaves used as a group or individually in floral arrangements to add depth and cover the mechanics of an arrangement; also referred to as greenery; 9. It is a living art form that seeks to create a harmonious balance between the natural beauty of. Instead of the trinity of heaven, man and earth, some Flower Masters see the principle of father, mother, and child. Updated on January 14, 2020. In Ikebana, your canvas is not a flat sheet of paper or cloth. Q. There are many styles, but the Moribana style, for instance, uses three stems to embody man’s relationship with nature. That’s because it uses a 30/70 balance ratio, rather than the normal 50/50. Ikebana is a representation of the harmony and beauty found in all aspects of the natural world. The first modern school started in the late 19th century and used a form call Moribana. Ikebana makes use of traces, coloration, mass, kind, motion, house, form, steadiness, and a wealthy. A purpose, such as a story line or haiku, must be incorporated. $8788. Ikebana (ikebana): In Japanese, it can be written as 生け花 . 2. The secondary line, which Lepore did not design, retained her romantic approach, but the $45 price of a Nanette. Ikebana arrangement represents nature in the. In contrast to the notion of a multicolor. High-quality ceramic. The main stem, or “Shin,” represents heaven and is the tallest. Representing Graphs and Graph Isomorphism (Chapter 10. One will notice that most Ikebana schools employ a similar arrangement form. Soe. 2. Representing Graphs and Graph Isomorphism (Chapter 10. Ikenobo is the oldest school of ikebana, founded by Buddhist priest Ikenobo Senkei in the 15th century, who is thought to have created the rikka (standing flowers) style. As Ikebana’s philosophical underpinning, what unites both Shinto and Buddhist worldviews is the notion that the natural world is always in a state of flux. primary line of the Ikebana representing heaven. Floral designs have evolved throughout history creating new _____ and designs with each. When someone practices Ikebana, they use the stems, branches, stems, flowers, and leaves as instruments to make art. In Ikebana empty space plays an essential part of the arrangement. 3. Tai. japanese. Minimalism. This function uses the following syntax: readLines(con, n=-1L) where: con: A connection object or character string n: The maximum number of lines to read. Expert Help. 4) Instructor LonginIkebana (生け花, 活け花, “arranging flowers” or “making flowers alive”) is a traditional Japanese flower arrangement technique. Tertiary line = represents earth Primary line = represents heaven Secondary line = represents mankind Andrea is creating a floral arrangement using only poppies and repeating the flowers throughout the design. While flower arrangement for many people in the West consists of symmetrically arranging flowering plants in a vase, Japanese Ikebana (literally 'flowers kept alive') is a lot more complex. Japanese style of floral arrangements based on Buddhist principles. To get the stems and flowers exactly. chineses. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Adornment, Ikebana, Shin and more. He established a landscape and floral design business in Houston, and in 1946, founded a floral design school there. Most arrangements have just a few flowers, and always an. $3999. Saves money as it’s a set. - Three lines represent earth, man, and heaven - Includes shin lines: vertical line of the arrangement. "Ikebana (生け花, "living flowers") is the Japanese art. Flowers, needless to say, represent such beauty. C. This will give your message list a table like. The Baroque style of floral design also originated in Italy. tertiary line of the Ikebana representing earth. 2. trimester 3 Learn with flashcards, games, and more — for free. For ages, the prominence of the two types alternated. tertiary line of the Ikebana representing earth. How to do ikebana at your home. Ellen Gordon Allen In her second Japan visit (1955–56), Organization : Ikebana International she dove headfirst into the ocean of ikebana and reached a critical size in the mid-1960s, and it. March 8, 2021. 3. Filler flowers of the Ikebana. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Adornment, Ikebana, Shin and more. Renaissance. There are there main lines in the use of ikebana which represent heaven, man, and earth. The arrangement of these 3 lines is basically a triangular shape. Nejime. The pastime of viewing plants and appreciating flowers throughout the four seasons was established in Japan early on through the aristocracy. For example, the overall design should be minimalist and replicate nature. Ikebana is the traditional Japanese art of flower arrangement, dating back to the 7th century. They all subscribe to the style of “sansai” (the three basic elements of the universe), which was established in the Edo Era. Upright moribana with iris, evoking a water landscape. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Ikebana, Shin, Shoe and more. The most widely known schools in the US are Ichiyo, Ikenobo, Ohara, and Sogetsu. Press enter. Ikebana arrangement. Ikebana focuses on seven harmonious principles designed to make the practice a peaceful, mindful activity. In Japan, flower arrangements are used as decorations on. In this second technique the principal. As Southern California’s largest and longest running ethnic festival, we are. In Sogetsu, color is one of three major elements: mass, line, and color. It's not a time for idle gossip. There are many schools, of which the most popular are Ikenobo, Sogetsu and Ohara. The resulting forms are varied and unexpected, and can range. 50 increase, according to the city, resulting in an increase of $45. The 3 points of this structure represent heaven, earth, and humanity from a Buddhist perspective. The name Ikebana comes from the Japanese ike, meaning ‘alive’ or ‘arrange’ and bana meaning ‘flower. It can challenge the effectiveness of controls and management of risk across the organization. The three main components of Ikebana: Heaven, Man and Earth. Ikebana (生け花, 活け花, ' arranging flowers ' or ' making flowers alive ') is the Japanese art of flower arrangement. soe. -- Add a second line to your phone without a SIM card. _____ are the filler flowers for Ikebana. A Japanese hanging scroll and IkebanaIkebana (生け花?, "living flowers") is the Japanese art of flower arrangement, also known as kadō (花道?, the "way of flowers"). What are the reasons? (5), Hsieh Ho merged six cannons into Japanese floral design. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like oriental influence, symbols, primary line and more. Photo by Ramon Kagie, Dotonbori. Soe Secondary line, represents heaven; on the sunny side and represents the past; in Shoka and Rikka Shofutai designs Soe Mae An ashirai in front of soe in Shoka Shofutai Soe Shita Line in Rikka; the branch under the Soe Suiriku-ike Style of traditional Shoka Futakabu 2 groups; one land and one waterIkebana je umjetnost izrade buketa od svježeg i sušenog cvijeća, biljaka, bobica, cvasti, drva i drugih materijala (i ne samo prirodnog podrijetla). 2023/2/24The meaning of IKEBANA is the Japanese art of flower arranging that emphasizes form and balance. In the Ohara School of ikebana, arrangements are composed of three principal types of stems, subject (shushi), object (kyuaku shi), and secondary (chu kanshi), which are fitted in low basins with. The tokonoma was a central feature of the new Shoin architectural style. It is also said to encourage the. Essentially do not rush. Ikebana. Ikebana arrangement with cart, at the Kyoto State Guest House; 内閣府, CC BY 4. Red Kangaroo Paw flowers represent the movement of bushfire flames rising up as they burn. Akiko Bourland, teacher and grandmaster of the Ohara School, was the first president of the society. They all adhere to these 7 basic principles: 1. Primary line of the Ikebana representing heaven Japanese style of floral arrangements based on Buddhist principles. Go organic. The San Diego Wabi Chapter of the Ohara School of Ikebana is an outgrowth of the Ohara Ikebana Society of San Diego, created in 2011 to include those who were interested in studying the art of ikebana as practiced by the Ohara School of Ikebana. Ikebana arrangement represents nature in the. Third flower vase dimensions: 3. What is Insurance An arrangement between an Insurance. shin. It is practiced by arranging flowers and branches in a container. The wood is supported against a black ceramic vase allowing the holes in the wood to show and space to be revealed at the base of the work. 2ndLine is a free app that allows you to have a second US or Canada phone number on your smartphone and tablets with unlimited calls and texts. ALGEBRA 2. it is always one to one and a half times the height of the container. With this style, the longest stem represents heaven, the shortest represents the earth, and the stem of mid-length represents man. secondary line of the Ikebana representing mankind. primary line of the of the Ikebana representing heaven. _____ is the arrangement of flowers, foliage and other materials created to be worn or hung upStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Shirley and her mom were decorating their home for Christmas and discussing which cultures developed different styles of floral design. A bouquet of fresh flowers cartoon icons in set collection for design. I chose this topic for a few reasons. Simplicity and negative space in Japanese designs emphasize these three main elements. But Metilla said the art originated from Buddhist monks in China and India who gathered flowers and. Certain rules and methods guide the construction of an ikebana arrangement. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Adornment, Ikebana, Shin and more. Japanese style of floral arrangements based on Buddhist principles. Consignment stock sap. The use of flowers is secondary and may be symbolic, and they are often portrayed in each of the three stages of growth: in. The Jōmon period, named after its cord-marked pottery, was followed by the Yayoi period in the first millennium BC when new inventions were introduced from Asia. This item: Shigaraki Pottery Japan Flower Vase Kado Ikebana Black with Gold Line. The Necessities. In the sixth century, the custom of. In our case, we want to insert the line break after the dot before the start of the second line. The fact that petals fall, that beauty is fleeting, can be understood through the word. Soe. These techniques are what people attend ikebana. sides or halves which are the same, 8. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Adornment, Ikebana, Shin and more. The three symbolisms of Ikebana are: Japanese floral arrangements exemplify the heavens, earth, and humanity through asymmetry, space, and depth, which form ikebana’s three pillars. pdf - THU PHAM History of Floral Design S T U D E N T W O R D S E A R C H 1.